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Distribution Operations - Contingency Analysis Function

Contents

Narrative

This application performs an N-m contingency analysis in the relevant portion of distribution. The function runs in the following manners:

1.      Periodically

2.      By event (topology change, load change, availability of control change)

3.      Study mode, in which the conditions are defined and the application is started by the user.

The application informs the operator on the status of real-time distribution system reliability.

The contingency analysis (CA) with significant DER in distribution has an increased dimension due to several alternatives of DER operations in response to the initial contingency.  The CA application typically starts from an outage of a feeder segment or device.  With DER in distribution, the fault, which brings the section down, should be analyzed and the reaction of DER associated with this fault should be simulated.  This simulation should address the issues like the following:

  • Will the DERs impacted by the subject fault withstand the fault, or will some or all DERs disconnect?
  • Will the adequacy be preserved, or should the load be disconnected together with the DER?
  • Can the disconnected tail of feeder with DER be restored without the DER or should the section be restored with temporary overload of the backup circuits and with fast DER synchronization?
  • Should the section be divided for balanced islanding?
  • How to restore the normal operating conditions with given points of synchronization?  (Will it need another interruption when the loading permits?)

In addition to the information about the synchronization capabilities at Point of Common Coupling (PCC), information about other points of synchronization, which can be used for reconnection of the intentional island with DERs should be made available to the ADA application.  In some cases, when the DERs can support load beyond the PCC, the intentional island created for this purpose should be separated from the rest of distribution system by switches equipped with synchronization devices to avoid customer interruption during restoration of normal connectivity.

IntelliGrid Architecture
Copyright E2I and EPRI 2004