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Env1 High Speed Intra-Substation
Env2 High Speed Inter-Substation
Env3 High Secure Intra-Substation
Env4 Inter Field Equipment
Env5 Critical DAC
Env6 Non-Critical DAC
Env7 Intra-Control Center
Env8 Inter-Control Center
Env9 Control Centers to ESPs
Env10 RTOs to Market Participants
Env11 Control Center to Customers
Env12 Control Centers to Corporate
Env13 Intra-Corporation
Env14 Inter-Corporation
Env15 DER Monitoring and Control
Env16 Intra-Customer Site
Env17 Inter-Customer Sites
Env18 Customer to ESP
Env19 HV Generation Plant
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Control Center to Customers Environment - #11

This environment encompasses the requirements for what has traditionally been called commercial or industrial metering.  It includes the requirements for any data exchange that travels directly to the control center from a customer site, without involving substations or data aggregators.

Typical Applications:  Metering of large customers, control of distributed energy resources, limiting demand under heavy loads by requesting customers drop off.

Characteristics:   Business-to-business communications, but involving operational rather than monetary data. Medium to high volumes of data coming from many sources, but only moderately high security requirements because of the nature of the data.  Configuration may change significantly on a monthly basis.

Similar Environments:  Similar in requirements to Critical Operations DAC except attackers could not do as much damage by controlling this environment, and the quality of service need not be as quite as high. It is otherwise similar, technologically, to other business-to-business environments.

Definition:  This environment is defined by the following requirements:

Communication and Information Requirements that Define this Environment

Configuration Requirements

• Support interactions between a few "clients" and many "servers"
• Support interactions across widely distributed sites
• Support multi-cast or broadcast capabilities
• Support the frequent change of configuration and/or location of end devices or sites

Quality of Service Requirements

• Support medium availability of information flows of 99.0+ (~3.5 days)

Security Requirements

• Provide Authorization Service for Access Control (resolving a policy-based access control decision to ensure authorized entities have appropriate access rights and authorized access is not denied)
• Provide Confidentiality Service (only authorized access to information, protection against eavesdropping)
• Provide Inter-Domain Security Service (support security requirements across organizational boundaries)
• Provide Audit Service (responsible for producing records, which track security relevant events)
• Provide Security Policy Service (concerned with the management of security policies)
• Provide Firewall Transversal
• Provide Privacy Service (the ability to ensure person information is not disclosed)
• Provide User Profile and User Management (combination of several other security services)
• Provide Security Protocol mapping (the ability to convert from one protocol to another)
• Provide Security Discovery (the ability to determine what security services are available for use)

Network and System Management Requirements

• Provide Network Management (management of media, transport, and communication nodes)
• Provide System Management (management of end devices and applications)

Data Management Requirements

• Support the management of large volumes of data flows
• Support extensive data validation procedures
• Support management of data whose types can vary significantly in different implementations
• Support specific standardized or de facto object models of data
• Provide discovery service (discovering available services and their characteristics)
• Provide conversion and protocol mapping
• Support the management of data across organizational boundaries

Recommended Technologies

Energy Industry-Specific Technologies

    Utility Field Device Related Data Exchange Technologies

• IEC61850 Part 7-2 - Abstract Common Services Interface (ACSI) - Configuration, Data Management

    Utility Control Center Related Data Management Technologies

• IEC 60870-6 (ICCP) - Configuration,
• IEC 61970 Part 3 - Common Information Model (CIM) - Data Management
• CIM Extensions for Market Operations - Data Management
• IEC 61970 Part 4 - Generic Interface Definition (GID) - Configuration, Data Management
• IEC62325 on Framework for Energy Market Communications - Data Management

    Customer Interface Data Management Technologies

• IEC62056 - Data Exchange for Meter Reading, Tariff, and Load Control - Data Management
• ANSI C12.19 (Meter Tables) - Data Management
• AEIC Guidelines - Data Management

Communications Industry Technologies

    Access Technologies

• Public Internet - Configuration,

    Networking Technologies

• Internet Protocol Version V4 (IPV4) - Configuration,

    IP-based Transport Protocols

• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) - Configuration,

    Link Layer and Physical Technologies

• LAN/MAN Technologies - Configuration,
• IEEE 802 MAC Addresses - Configuration,
• Ethernet - Configuration,
• Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) and Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) - Configuration,
• Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) - Configuration,

    Computer Systems Related Technologies

• Web Services - Data Management
• Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration (UDDI) - Data Management
• XML Protocol/Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) - Data Management
• GUID - Data Management

    General Internet and De Facto Data Management Technologies

• ISO/IEC 11179 Parts 1 - 6 Metadata Registries - Data Management
• Meta Object Facility (MOF) - Data Management
• XML Metadata Interchange (XMI) - Data Management
• eXtensible Markup Language (XML) - Data Management
• XML Schema (xls) - Data Management

    eCommerce Related Data Management Technologies

• ebXML - Data Management
• ebXML Collaboration Protocol Profiles (CPPA) - Data Management
• ebXML Messaging - Data Management
• ebXML Registry - Data Management

Security Technologies

    Policy and Framework Related Technologies

• ISO/IEC 10164-8:1993 Security Audit Trail Function - Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Systems Management - Security,
• ISO/IEC 18014-1:2002 Time-Stamping Services - Information technology - Security Techniques - Part 1: Framework - Security, Data Management
• ISO/IEC 10181-7:1996 Security Audit and Alarms Framework - Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection -- Security Frameworks for Open Systems - Security,
• FIPS PUB 112 Password Usage - Security,
• FIPS PUB 113 Computer Data Authentication - Security,
• RFC 2196 Site Security Handbook - Security,
• RFC 2401 Security Architecture for the Internet Protocol - Security,
• RFC 2527 Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate Policy and Certification Practices Framework - Security,

    General Security Technologies

• PKI - Public Key Infrastructure (X.509) - Security,
• Kerberos - Security,
• FIPS 140-2 Security Requirements for Cryptographic Modules - Security,
• FIPS 197 for Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) - Security,
• Role-Based Access Control - Security,
• PKCS - Security,
• Intrusion Detection Technologies - Security, Network Management,
• Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS) - Security, Network Management,
• Service Level Agreements (SLA) - Security,

    Media and Network Layer Technologies

• Secure IP Architecture (IPSec) - Security,
• IEEE 802.11i Security for Wireless Networks - Security,
• Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS) - Security,
• ATM Security - Security,
• AGA-12 Cryptographic Protection of SCADA Communications General Recommendations - Security,

    Transport Layer Security Technologies

• Transport Layer Security (TLS)/Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) - Security,

    Application Layer Security Technologies

• RFC 2228 FTP Security Extensions - Security,
• Internet Mail Extensions - Security,
• RFC 2086 IMAP4 ACL extension - Security,
• SNMP Security - Security, Network Management,
• RFC 1305 Network Time Protocol (Version 3) Specification, Implementation - Security,
• IEC 62351-3 Security for Profiles including TCP/IP - Security,
• IEC 62351-4 Security for Profiles including MMS (ISO-9506) - Security,
• IEC 62351-5 Security for IEC 60870-5 and Derivatives - Security,
• IEC 62351-6 Security for IEC 61850 GOOSE, GSSE, and SMV Profiles - Security,

    XML Related Technologies

• OASIS Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML) - Security,
• OASIS Extensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML - Security,
• XML Key Management Specification (XKMS - Security,
• Secure XML - Security,

Network and Enterprise Management Technologies

    Network Management Technologies

• Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) - Network Management,
• IEC 62351-7 Objects for Network Management - Quality of Service, Network Management, Data Management

    Web-based Network Management

• Web-based Enterprise Management (WBEM) - Network Management,

 

---

Recommended Common Services

Security Services

    Common Security Services

• Audit Common Service - Security,
• Authorization for Access Control - Security,
• Confidentiality - Security,
• Firewall Traversal - Security,
• Inter-Domain Security - Security,
• Security Policies - Security,
• Privacy Service - Security,
• Security Protocol Mapping - Security,
• Security Service Availability Discovery Service - Security,
• User and Group Management - Security,

Network and System Management Services

    Enterprise Management Services

• Inventory Management - Network Management,
• Communication System/Network Discovery - Network Management,
• Routing Management - Network Management,
• Traffic Management - Network Management,
• Traffic Engineering - Network Management,
• System/Network Health-Check Analysis - Network Management,
• System/Network Fault Diagnosis - Network Management,
• System/Network Fault Correcting - Network Management,
• Service Level Agreement (SLA) Determination and Maintenance - Network Management,
• System/Network Performance Analysis - Network Management,
• System/Network Performance Diagnosis - Network Management,
• Performance Tuning/Correction - Network Management,
• Accounting and/or Billing - Network Management,

Data Management Common Services

    Data Management Common Services

• Object Management Service - Data Management
• Address and Naming Management - Network Management, Data Management
• Generic Eventing And Subscription - Network Management, Data Management
• Alarm Detection/Reporting - Network Management, Data Management
• Instrumentation and Monitoring Service - Network Management, Data Management
• Measurement Data Logging Service - Security, Network Management,
• Remote Control - Network Management,

Common Platform Services

    Common Platform Services

• Component Registry Service - Data Management
• Component Lookup Service - Data Management
• Component Discovery Service - Data Management
• Component Initialization and Termination - Network Management,
• Resource Management - Network Management,
• Checkpoint and Recovery - Network Management,
• Workflow Service - Network Management,

 

---

Recommended Best Practices

Data Management Best Practices

    Data Management

• Metadata Files and Databases - Network Management, Data Management
• Object Modeling Techniques - Data Management
• Quality Flagging - Network Management, Data Management
• Time Stamping - Security, Network Management, Data Management
• Validation of Source Data and Data Exchanges - Data Management
• Management of Data Consistency and Synchronization across Systems - Data Management
• Management of Data and Object Naming - Data Management
• Management of Data Formats in Data Exchanges - Data Management
• Management of Data Accuracy - Data Management
• Management of Data Acquisition - Data Management
• Management of Manual Data Entry - Data Management
• Data Storage and Access Management - Data Management
• Database Maintenance Management - Data Management
• Data Backup and Logging - Quality of Service, Security, Data Management
• Application Management - Network Management,

Security Best Practices

    Security Frameworks and Policy Documents

• ISO/IEC Security Best Practices - Security,
• ISO/IEC 18014-3:2004 Information technology -- Security techniques -- Time-stamping services -- Part 3: Mechanisms producing linked tokens - Security,
• Federal Security Best Practices - Security,
• CICSI 6731.01 Global Command and Control System Security Policy - Security,
• IETF Security Best Practices Internet Requests for Comments (RFCs) - Network Management,
• RFC 1102 Policy routing in Internet protocols - Network Management,
• RFC 1322 A Unified Approach to Inter-Domain Routing - Network Management,
• RFC 1351 SNMP Administrative Model - Network Management,
• RFC 2008 Implications of Various Address Allocation Policies for Internet Routing - Network Management,
• RFC 2196 Site Security Handbook - Network Management,
• RFC 2276 Architectural Principles of Uniform Resource Name Resolution - Security,
• RFC 2386 A Framework for QoS-based Routing in the Internet - Security, Network Management,
• RFC 2505 Anti-Spam Recommendations for SMTP - Security,
• RFC 2518 HTTP Extensions for Distributed Authoring - WEBDAV - Network Management,
• RFC 2527 Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate Policy and Certification Practices Framework - Network Management,

Security Technology Documents

    IETF Internet Requests for Comments (RFCs) on Security Technologies

• RFC 2817 Upgrades to TLS within HTTP/1.1 - Security,
• RFC 2818 HTTP over TLS (HTTPS) - Security,

Alternative Technologies

    Utility Field Device Related Data Exchange Technologies

• IEC60870-5 Part 104 - Telecontrol Protocol over TCP/IP - Configuration,
• DNP3 Protocol over TCP/IP - Configuration,
• ISO 9506 MMS - Manufacturing Messaging Specification - Configuration,

    Networking Technologies

• Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPV6) - Configuration,
• Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) Routing Protocol - Configuration,
• Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) - Configuration,
• Host extensions for IP multicasting - Configuration,
• Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) - Configuration,
• Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol (DVMRP) - Configuration,
• Multicast Open Shortest Path (MOSPF) routing protocol - Configuration,
• Protocol Independent Multicast-Sparse Mode (PIM-SM) - Configuration,
• Core-Based Tree (CBT) multicast routing - Configuration,

    IP-based Transport Protocols

• Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) - Configuration,
• Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) - Configuration,
• Real-Time Transport Protocol (RTP) - Configuration,

    Link Layer and Physical Technologies

• IEEE 802.1d Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) - Network Management,
• IEEE 802.1w Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) - Network Management,
• Hubs/Repeaters - Configuration,
• Bridges/Switches - Configuration,
• Routers - Configuration,
• Digital Signal (DSx), Time-division multiplexing, the T-carriers, T1, fractional T1 - Configuration,
• Frame Relay - Configuration,

    Wireless Technologies

• Code-Division Multiple Access 2000 (CDMA-2000) - Configuration,
• TDMA Cellular Wireless - IS-136 - Configuration,
• CDMA Cellular Wireless - IS-95 - Configuration,
• Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD) - Configuration,
• Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) - Configuration,
• Short Message Service (SMS) - Configuration,
• Trunked Mobile Radio (TMR, TETRA, Project25) - Configuration,
• IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access Standards - Configuration,
• Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) - Data Management

    Virtual Private Networking Technologies

• Layer 3 VPNs - Security,
• Layer 2 VPNs - Security,
• PPTP - Security,

    General Internet and De Facto Data Management Technologies

• Common Warehouse Model (CWM) - Data Management
• American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) - Data Management
• Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) - Data Management
• RDF - Data Management

    Network Management Technologies

• Remote Network Monitor (RMON) - Network Management,
• OSI Network Management Model - Network Management,

    Web-based Network Management

• Policy-based Management Technologies - Network Management,

Alternative Best Practices

    Data Management

• Backup Databases - Quality of Service,

    ISO/IEC Documents on Security Technologies

• ISO/IEC 7816-4:1995/Amd 1:1997 secure messaging on the structures of APDU messages - Security,
• ISO/IEC 7816-8:1999 Identification cards -- Integrated circuit(s) cards with contacts -- Part 8: Security related - Security,
• ISO/IEC 7816-9:2000 Identification cards -- Integrated circuit(s) cards with contacts -- Part 9: Additional - Security,
• ISO/IEC 9594-8:2001 Information technology -- Open Systems Interconnection -- The Directory: Public-key and attribute certificate frameworks - Security,
• ISO 9735-5:2002 Electronic data interchange for administration, commerce and transport (EDIFACT) -- Application level syntax rules (Syntax version number: 4, Syntax release number: 1) -- Part 5: Security rul - Security,
• ISO/IEC 10164-9:1995 Information technology -- Open Systems Interconnection -- Systems Management: Objects and attributes for access control - Security,
• ISO/IEC 10181-1:1996 Information technology -- Open Systems Interconnection -- Security frameworks for open systems: Overview - Security,
• ISO/IEC 10181-3:1996 Information technology -- Open Systems Interconnection -- Security frameworks for open systems: Access control framework - Security,
• ISO 10202-8:1998 Financial transaction cards -- Security architecture of financial transaction systems - Security,
• ISO/IEC TR 13335-1:1996 Information technology -- Guidelines for the management of IT Security -- Part 1: Concepts and models for IT Security - Security,
• ISO/IEC TR 13335-2:1997 Information technology -- Guidelines for the management of IT Security -- Part 2: Managing and planning IT Security - Security,
• ISO/IEC TR 13335-5 Information technology - Guidelines for the management of IT Security - Part 5: Management guidance on network security - Security,
• ISO/IEC 13888-1:1997 Information technology -- Security techniques -- Non-repudiation -- Part 1: General - Security,
• ISO/IEC 15408-1:1999 Information technology -- Security techniques -- Evaluation criteria for IT security -- Part 1: Introduction and general mode - Security,
• ISO/IEC 15408-2:1999 Information technology -- Security techniques -- Evaluation criteria for IT security -- Part 2: Security functional requirements - Security,
• ISO/IEC 17799:2000 Information technology -- Code of practice for information security management - Security,

    Federal Documents on Security Technologies

• FIPS 197 Federal Information Processing Standards Publication 197, Specification for the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) - Security,

    IETF Internet Requests for Comments (RFCs) on Security Technologies

• RFC 1040 Privacy enhancement for Internet electronic mail: Part I: Message - Security,
• RFC 1423 Privacy Enhancement for Internet Electronic Mail: Part III: Algorithms, Modes, and Identifiers - Security,
• RFC 1352 SNMP Security Protocols - Network Management,
• RFC 1579 Firewall-Friendly FTP - Security,
• RFC 1827 IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) - Security,
• RFC 1940 Source Demand Routing: Packet Format and Forwarding Specification (Version 1) - Network Management,
• RFC 1968 The PPP Encryption Control Protocol (ECP) - Security,
• RFC 2040 The RC5, RC5-CBC, RC5-CBC-Pad, and RC5-CTS Algorithms - Security,
• RFC 2045 Multi-Purpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) and Secure/MIME - Security,
• RFC 2086 IMAP4 ACL extension - Security,
• RFC 2093 Group Key Management Protocol (GKMP) Specification - Security,
• RFC 2228 FTP Security Extensions - Security,
• RFC 2230 Key Exchange Delegation Record for the DNS - Security,
• RFC 2244 ACAP -- Application Configuration Access Protocol - Security,
• RFC 2246 The TLS Protocol Version 1.0 - Security,
• RFC 2313 PKCS #1: RSA Encryption Version 1.5 - Security,
• RFC 2315 PKCS #7: Cryptographic Message Syntax Version 1.5 - Security,
• RFC 2356 Sun's SKIP Firewall Traversal for Mobile IP - Security,
• RFC 2406 IP Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP) - Security,
• RFC 2437 PKCS #1: RSA Cryptography Specifications Version 2.0 - Security,
• RFC 2440 OpenPGP Message Format - Security,
• RFC 2408 Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) - Security,
• RFC 2409 The Internet Key Exchange (IKE) - Security,
• RFC 2459 Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and CRL Profile - Security,
• RFC 2510 Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate Management Protocols - Security,
• RFC 2511 Internet X.509 Certificate Request Message Format - Security,
• RFC 2527 Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate Policy and Certification Practices Framework - Security,
• RFC 2547 BGP/MPLS VPNs - Security, Network Management,
• RFC 2560 X.509 Internet Public Key Infrastructure Online Certificate Status Protocol - OCSP - Security,
• RFC 2764 A Framework for IP Based Virtual Private Networks - Security, Network Management,
• RFC 2753 A Framework for Policy-based Admission Control - Security,
• RFC 2797 Certificate Management Messages over CMS - Security,
• RFC 2875 - Security,
• RFC 2888 Secure Remote Access with L2TP - Security,
• RFC 2898 PKCS #5: Password-Based Cryptography Specification Version 2.0 - Security,
• RFC 2946 Telnet Data Encryption Option - Security,
• RFC 2977 Mobile IP Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting Requirements - Security,
• RFC 2979 Behavior of and Requirements for Internet Firewalls - Security,
• RFC 2985 PKCS #9: Selected Object Classes and Attribute Types Version 2.0 - Security,
• RFC 3053 IPv6 Tunnel Broker - Network Management,
• RFC 3268 Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) Ciphersuites for Transport Layer Security (TLS) - Security,
• RFC 3280 Algorithms and Identifiers for the Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile - Security,
• RFC 3369 Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) - Security,
• RFC 3370 Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) Algorithms - Security,
• RFC 3414 User-based Security Model (USM) for version 3 of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMPv3) - Network Management,
• RFC 3447 Public-Key Cryptography Standards (PKCS) #1: RSA Cryptography Specifications Version 2.1 - Security,
• RFC 3647 Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate Policy and Certification Practices Framework - Security,

    Other Security Technolog

• IEEE 802.11b Web Encryption Protocol - Security,
• IEEE 802.11i Security for Wireless Networks - Security,
• RSA Documents on Security Technologies - Security,
• RSA PKCS #8 Private-Key Information Syntax Standard - Security,
• RSA PKCS #12 Personal Information Exchange Syntax Standard, version 1.0. - Security,
• OASIS Documents on Security Technologies - Security,
• WC3 XML Key Management Specification (XKMS 2.0) Bindings - Security,
• W3C The Platform for Privacy Preferences 1.1 (P3P1.1) SpecificationW3C Working Draft 27 April 2004 - Security,
• AGA-12 Cryptographic Protection of SCADA Communications General Recommendations. - Security,
• ANSI INCITS 359-2004 Role Based Access Control (RBAC) - Security,
• EPRI 1002596 ICCP TASE.2 Security Enhancements - Security,
• NERC Certificate Policy for the Energy Market Access and Reliability Certificate (e MARC) Program Version 2.4 - Security,
• WebDAV Access Control Extensions to WebDAV - Security,
• WPA WI-FI Protected Access - Security,
• WPA2 WI-FI Protected Access Version 2 - Security,

Possible Technologies

    Utility Field Device Related Data Exchange Technologies

• IEC61334 - Distribution PLC - Configuration,

    Networking Technologies

• Intermediate System to Intermediate System (ISIS) Routing Protocol - Configuration,
• Routing Information Protocol (RIP) - Configuration,

    Wireless Technologies

• Paging Systems - Configuration,

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